Project Funding Details

Title: Ethics in Translational Research: Navigating the Interface between the Bench and Clinic
Alt. Award Code: 9259_1
Funding Organization: Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Budget Dates: 2008-07-01 to 2013-06-30
Principal Investigator: Kimmelman, Jonathan 0000-0003-1614-6779
(ORCiD iD)
Institution: McGill University
Region: North America
Location: Montréal, QC, CA

Collaborators

This project funding has either no collaborators or the information is not available.

Technical Abstract

Lay abstract (no permission to release technical abstract): This research proposes to extend my previous work on gene therapy by examining the ethics of testing drugs in human beings for the first time-- a process called "translational clinical research." I propose to study the ethics of three aspects of this research: when to make the "leap" from animal studies to human trials, changes in how cancer drugs are tested in clinical trials, and the ways that researchers communicate exciting (or disturbing) discoveries to the public. This proposal is aimed at addressing a major gap in ethical scholarship at a time when governments are increasing their investment in translational research.

Public Abstract

See Tech Abstract

Cancer Types

Not Site-Specific Cancer

Common Scientific Outline (CSO) Research Areas

6.7 Cancer Control, Survivorship and Outcomes Research Ethics and Confidentiality in Cancer Research

July 26, 2023

Links to pages giving our partners' general funding announcements for cancer researchers are included below, where available. Organizations are listed alphabetically. Where an organization has a specific focus that is not evident from the name, this is noted in brackets after the name. Organizations marked (CC) have a specific focus on childhood cancer. If you have any questions, please contact us.

Australia

Belgium

Anticancer Fund

Canada

France

Italy

Fondazione AIRC

Japan

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)

Netherlands

Dutch Cancer Society (KWF)

South Africa

Cancer Association of South Africa

Spain

Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC)

Switzerland

Rising Tide Foundation for Clinical Cancer Research

USA

ICRP Data Caveats

Single-funder organizations
Partner	Caveat
ACS	Dollar amounts found in the ICRP database are different than what is reported in the American Cancer Society's Annual Report. The dollar amounts spent on research reported in audited reports include operating expenses of the Research Department. Additionally, the dollar amounts also exclude all grants that were cancelled after being awarded, but include money that was returned from grants cancelled in the current year that were awarded in previous years. The dollar amounts reported in the database are unaudited and include grants awarded each fiscal year, exclusive of grants that cancelled before activation.
CBCRP	The California Breast Cancer Research Program grants are awarded only to individuals or institutions in California. Grants to the University of California receive only direct funds, while grants to other institutions also receive indirect costs (overhead) at 25% or the federally negotiated rate. Collaborative awards are counted in graphs and tables by the number of co-Principal Investigators rather than the number of projects.
Komen	Dollar amounts found in the ICRP database are different than what is reported on Komen\'s website or in Komen\'s Annual Report for the following reasons: Komen commits all funds necessary to support a research grant in the year it is awarded. Therefore, Komen\'s website reports on the full amount of each grant in the year it is initiated, while the ICRP data is annualized, as described. Komen funds research grants to our Scientific Advisors (Scientific Advisory Board members and Komen Scholars) and also provides discretionary funding of research-related projects that are not traditional research grants (e.g. support of the Komen Tissue Bank, ASCO and AACR meeting support). These are included in the overall Research Program spending, as reported in our Annual Report and on our website, but are not included in the ICRP database.
NIH	NIH projects in NIH Reporter assigned to the Spend Category ‘cancer’ are included in the ICRP database from FY2005 onwards. A small number of projects are excluded if essential information is missing (primarily Project title, Institution). Previous years’ data were drawn from the NFRP and may be incomplete. Starting in FY2007 NCI reports funding supplements, etc., for each grant separately instead of including them in the main project, therefore the number of projects may differ significantly from those of previous years. Projects with a cost of $0 include those that were a no-cost extension of the grant or when funding was provided by another NIH institute or center for that FY. NCI dollars in the ICRP database are drawn from NIH reporter and may not match dollars from other NCI-only databases.
Worldwide Cancer Research	Worldwide Cancer Research is unique in that the majority of our funding is awarded to researchers in countries outside the UK. Like many UK research charities, Worldwide Cancer Research only funds the direct costs of research. This creates significant problems in making quantitative comparisons between our funding and that provided by some of the other agencies in the ICRP, which fund both the direct and indirect costs (often called overheads) of research.

UK Organizations that are part of NCRI
Partner	Caveat
NCRI (GENERIC)	NCRI submits data to ICRP on behalf of all UK NCRI members from its Cancer Research Database (CaRD). The database only includes entries where funding can be directly attributed to a set of clearly defined research objectives. This means that the CaRD only contains information on all direct research funding (project, programme, fellowship, unit and institute) financed by NCRI Member organizations, for which an abstract has been submitted and where the project is active in any given financial year (April - March). Examples of funding that are currently outside the scope of CaRD are infrastructure, meeting grants and research management support."
Breakthrough (UK)	The ICRP database includes all Breakthrough Breast Cancer\'s research spend reported through its Annual Reports & Accounts. There is some variance due to different reporting periods (1 April snapshot versus full financial year) meaning that some research spend that is already committed may not be included in the ICRP figures. Expenditure on non-research charitable activities and management support costs are excluded from the NCRI, and by extension, the ICRP dataset. For further information on Breakthrough\'s research please visit www.breakthroughresearch.org.uk or email research@breakthrough.org.uk
CR-UK (UK)	The ICRP database includes around 70% of Cancer Research UK\'s direct research spend per financial year as reported through its Annual Reports & Accounts. There is some variance due to different reporting periods meaning that some direct research spend that is planned for allocation will not be included in the ICRP figures. Expenditure on vital research services, technology transfer, meeting grants, research management support and infrastructure to support Cancer Research UK\'s activities is excluded from the NCRI, and by extension, the ICRP dataset.
Department of Health (UK)	There will always be some variance between the figures available on ICRP and the figures reported publicly by DH. There are two reasons for this. Firstly, there is variance due to different reporting periods (1 April snapshot of ICRP versus full financial year reporting by DH). Secondly, the Department\'s National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) encompasses various expenditure on NHS infrastructure for research relevant to cancer that is not in a format that it is possible to capture for ICRP.
Macmillan (UK)	The ICRP database represents about 90% of Macmillan Cancer Support\'s direct research spend per financial year. There is some variance due to different reporting periods meaning that some direct research spend that is planned for allocation will not be included in the ICRP figures. Expenditure on research management support and infrastructure to support Macmillan Cancer Support\'s activities is excluded from the NCRI, and by extension, the ICRP dataset.
Scottish Government Health Directorates (UK)	Scottish Government is committed to improve the health of the Scottish population and the Chief Scientist\'s Office (CSO) funds across a broad range of relevant disease areas. Overall, 75% of the CSO spend is committed to research infrastructure in NHS Scotland. This and much other research expenditure is therefore outside the NCRI remit and, by extension, the ICRP dataset.

Wellcome Trust

Projects are sourced from the Wellcome Trust's list of funded projects (https://wellcome.org/grant-funding/funded-people-and-projects). These spreadsheets have been created using the 360Giving(opens in a new tab) data standard. The work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence(opens in a new tab), which means the data is freely available to anyone to be used and shared as they wish. The data must be attributed to Wellcome.

Canadian organizations who are part of the CCRA
Partner	Caveat
CCRA	Caveats/limitations specific to Canadian Cancer Research Alliance organizations can be accessed here.

ICRP Data Caveats - CCRA Organizations

Caveats/limitations of the Canadian Cancer Research Survey (CCRS) as documented in CCRA reports are applicable and will not be repeated here. Please consult the available publications at the CCRA web site https://www.ccra-acrc.ca/reports/. This document describes caveats specific to the subset of CCRS data provided to the ICRP.

Data reported by CCRA will vary from the ICRP data as follows:

Difference	Detail	Impact on investment figures
Not all CCRS participating organizations are included in the ICRP.	For the period 2005–2021, CCRA submitted data to the ICRP for 35 organizations and three now defunct multi-funded initiatives (CBCRA, CPCRI, and CTCRI). Note that the Canadian Breast Cancer Research Foundation merged operations with the Canadian Cancer Society in February 2017 and Prostate Cancer Canada merged in 2020. Importantly, Alberta Innovates did not report any research projects for 2020 and 2021 due to staffing constraints. Projects within the CCRS total 30,218, of which 24,129 were reported to ICRP.	Moderate for years 2020 and 2021
Not all CCRS projects are included in the ICRP.	“Related support” grants (i.e., travel awards, workshops/symposia, LOIs, etc.) are not submitted to ICRP, but are included in reports released by CCRA. In addition, equipment/infrastructure grants through the Canada Foundation for Innovation and for other funders where the cancer relevance weighting is less than 80% are not reported to the ICRP, but are included in CCRA reports. Any project with cancer relevance of less than 20% is also not reported to the ICRP.	Moderate
Co-funded projects are listed by the administering organization.	Projects that are co-funded appear under the administering organization and are not duplicated per funder. Within CCRA reports, however, investments are reported by the actual funders.	Minor
ICRP uses a different approach to calculating annual project investment.	CCRA provides ICRP with the project budget (adjusted for cancer relevance) and start and end dates. A pro-rated calculation is used to derive annual investment. Within the CCRS, prorated calculations on the basis of annual project amounts (where those data are available) are used to calculate the annual investment.	Minor
ICRP uses different site coding conventions.	The cancer site/type codes used within the CCRS are different from ICRP site codes so results by site will vary in some instances.	Minor
ICRP has technical limitations.	ICRP has a technical limit of 12 site codes and 8 CSO codes and this requires truncation for a couple of large-scale projects within the CCRS.	Very minor
CCRA provides less descriptive information about its projects to ICRP.	Lay abstracts are submitted by CCRA to the ICRP in lieu of technical abstracts and in their language of origin. For projects without lay abstracts (and there are a significant number of these), only titles are provided. An English translation is provided alongside all French project titles to facilitate use of the search engine.	No impact on investment figures, but limits full functionality of search engine especially for organizations that do not collect/report lay abstracts.